UP Polytechnic & Diploma In Computer Science And Engineering | ENERGY CONSERVATION | 4th Semester Syllabus | 2nd Year | BTEUP - EdufyHUB 4U

RATIONALE

The requirement of energy has increased manifolds in the last two decades due to rapid urbanization and growth in the industrial/service sector. It has become a challenging task to meet ever-increasing energy demands with limited conventional fuels and natural resources. Due to the fast depletion of fossil fuels and a tremendous gap between the supply and demand of energy, it is essential to adopt energy conservation techniques in almost every field like industries, commercial and residential sectors etc. Energy conservation has attained priority as it is regarded as an additional energy resource. Energy saved is energy produced. This course covers the concepts of energy management and its conservation. It gives the insight to energy conservation opportunities in general industry and details out energy audit methodology and energy audit instruments.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

After undergoing this subject, the students will be able to:

• define principles and objectives of energy management and energy audit.
• understand Energy Conservation Act 2001 and its features.
• understand various forms & elements of energy.
• identify electrical and thermal utilities. Understand their basic principle of operation and assess the performance of various equipment.
• identify areas of energy conservation and adopt conservation methods in various systems.
• evaluate the techno-economic feasibility of the energy conservation technique adopted.

DETAILED CONTENTS

1. Basics of Energy

1. Classification of energy- primary and secondary energy, commercial and non-commercial energy, non-renewable and renewable energy with special reference to solar energy, Capacity factor of solar and wind power generators.
2. Global fuel reserve
3. Energy scenario in India and the state of U.P. Sector-wise energy consumption (domestic, industrial, agricultural and other sectors)
4. Impact of energy usage on climate

2. Energy Conservation and EC Act 2001

1. Introduction to energy management, energy conservation, energy efficiency and its need
2. Salient features of Energy Conservation Act 2001 & The Energy Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2010 and its importance. Prominent organizations at the centre and state level responsible for its implementation.
3. Standards and Labeling: Concept of star rating and its importance, Types of product available for star rating

3. Electrical Supply System and Motors

1. Types of electrical supply system
2. Single line diagram
3. Losses in the electrical power distribution system
4. Understanding Electricity Bill: Transformers Tariff structure, Components of power (kW, kVA and kVAR) and power factor, improvement of power factor, Concept of sanctioned load, maximum demand, contract demand and monthly minimum charges (MMC)
5. Transformers: Introduction, Losses in transformer, transformer Loading, Tips for energy savings in transformers
6. Electric Motors
   Types of motors, Losses in induction motors Features and characteristics of energy-efficient motors, Estimation of motor loading, Variation in efficiency and power factor with loading, Tips for energy savings in motors

4. Energy Efficiency in Electrical Utilities

1. Pumps: Introduction to pump and its applications, Efficient pumping system operation, Energy efficiency in agriculture pumps, Tips for energy saving in pumps
2. Compressed Air System: Types of air compressor and its applications, Leakage test, Energy saving opportunities in compressors.
3. Energy Conservation in HVAC and Refrigeration System: Introduction, Concept of Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER), Energy saving opportunities in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) and Refrigeration Systems.

5. Lighting and DG Systems

1. Lighting Systems: Basic definitions- Lux, lumen and efficacy, Types of different lamps and their features, Energy-efficient practices in lighting
2. DG Systems: Introduction, Energy efficiency opportunities in DG systems, Loading estimation

6. Energy Efficiency in Thermal Utilities

1. Thermal Basics: Thermal energy, Energy content in fuels, Energy Units and its conversions in terms of Metric Tonne of Oil Equivalent (MTOE)
2. Energy Conservation in boilers and furnaces: Introduction and types of boilers, Energy performance assessment of boilers, Concept of stoichiometric air and excess air for combustion, Energy conservation in boilers and furnaces, Do’s and Don’ts for efficient use of boilers and furnaces
3. Cooling Towers: Basic concept of cooling towers, Tips for energy savings in cooling towers
4. Efficient Steam Utilization

7. Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC)

1. ECBC and its salient features
2. Tips for energy savings in buildings: New Buildings, Existing Buildings

8. Waste Heat Recovery and Co-Generation

1. Concept, classification and benefits of waste heat recovery
2. Concept and types of co-generation system

9. General Energy Saving Tips

Energy-saving tips in:

1. Lighting
2. Room Air Conditioner
3. Refrigerator
4. Water Heater
5. Computer
6. Fan, Heater, Blower and Washing Machine
7. Colour Television
8. Water Pump
9. Cooking
10. Transport

10. Energy Audit

1. Types and methodology
2. Energy audit instruments
3. Energy auditing reporting format

PRACTICAL EXERCISES

1. To conduct a load survey and power consumption calculations of a small building.
2. To check the efficacy of different lamps by measuring power consumption and lumens using a lux meter.
3. To measure the energy efficiency ratio (EER) of an air conditioner.
4. To measure the effect of valve throttling and variable frequency drive (VFD) on energy consumption by a centrifugal pump.
5. To measure and calculate energy saving by arresting air leakages in the compressor.
6. To measure the effect of blower speed on energy consumed by it.

STUDENT ACTIVITIES ON ENERGY CONSERVATION/ENERGY EFFICIENCY

• Presentations of Case Studies
• Debate competitions
• Poster competitions
• Industrial visits
• Visual Aids

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY

Teachers are expected to lay considerable stress on understanding the basic concepts in energy conservation, principles and their applications. For this purpose, teachers are expected to give simple problems in the classroom so as to develop necessary knowledge for comprehending the basic concepts and principles. As far as possible, the teaching of the subject must be supplemented by demonstrations and practical work in the laboratory. Visits to industries must be carried out. Experts from the industry must be invited to deliver talks on energy conservation to students and faculty.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

1. Guide book on General Aspects of Energy Management and Energy Audit by Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India. Edition 2015
2. Guide book on Energy Efficiency in Electrical Utilities by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India. Edition 2015
3. Guide book on Energy Efficiency in Thermal Utilities, by Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India. Edition 2015
4. Handbook on Energy Audit & Environmental Management by Y P Abbi & Shashank Jain published by TERI. Latest Edition

Important Links:

1. Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), Ministry of Power, Government of India.
   www.beeindia.gov.in.
2. Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India.
   www.mnre.gov.in.
3. Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Agency (UPNEDA), Government of Uttar Pradesh.
   www.upneda.org.in.
4. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India.
   www.cpcb.nic.in.
5. Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL).
   www.eeslindia.org.
6. Electrical India, Magazine on power and electrical products industry.
   www.electricalindia.in